Melatonin for Sleep

If your child or adolescent is not getting enough sleep, you may notice that there are increased emotional outbursts, trouble with cognitive tasks like schoolwork and behavioral difficulties, including having difficulty with keeping on task, failure to remain alert and focused or for some, even increased agitation and anxiety.  A study in 2003 (Gruber & Raviv) determined that lack of needed sleep for one hour per day for three days may lead to significant neurobehavioral problems.  Numerous researchers have presented evidence that there is indeed a relationship between sleep problems, neuro-developmental problems, psychiatric conditions and non psychiatric conditions among children and adults. Once the pattern is set, the sleep disorder and the co-morbid conditions actually serve to support both problems. 

The prevalence of sleep problems in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are greater than in the typical population. Sleep issues and problems come up frequently in discussions with parents, many whom express dismay and sheer exhaustion from trying to manage.  Sometimes, the family physician may recommend anti anxiety drugs or other pharmaceutical prescription and non-prescription remedies, but most of the time these fall short in truly making a difference and helping the child establish good sleep patterns and restful sleep.  Recently, researchers have begun to address and realize that melatonin therapy may be a successful and practical help.

Melatonin is a  naturally occurring hormone (derived from serotonin) that is both endocrine (enters the bloodstream from a pineal gland) and paracrine (signaling cell phenomenon, as from the retina when light is low, when the signal is "time to sleep"). Melatonin has also been labeled an antioxidant, anti-aging agent, immunoregulator, and an  anti-depressant .  As a supplement, it is available over the counter in pill/capsule form.

What researchers are finding is that some individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may have lower than normal levels of melatonin. A 2008 study found that unaffected parents of children with ASD also have lower melatonin levels.  Multiple small studies have demonstrated that 2 to 10 mg of melatonin may benefit children with ASD who have trouble falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep.  It’s important to note that at this time, no official guidelines exist for the use of melatonin in children with ASD.  If you want to read  more about melatonin, here is one credible website http://nccam.nih.gov/health/sleep/ataglance.htm.   You may also want to check with your child’s physician, as many are knowledgeable about the possible benefits of Melatonin

Depression and what you can do about it.

Almost everyone gets the blues. Who hasn't felt sad at one time or another? But what if the blues hang on and on, affecting you day after day? What if a persistent sadness permeates all aspects of your life: your ability to perform, how you eat, how you sleep, and how you deal with friends and family? It could be that depression may have you in its grip.  Many times, with help from a psychologist- especially one who works from a cognitive behavioral perspective - you can work through your depression, get relief from your symptoms and find proactive ways to prevent re-occurrence.   Sometimes, medication plus cognitive behavioral therapy is the most helpful treatment. Here are some markers and symptoms that may be a sign of clinical depression:

•    You feel sad or cry a lot, and it doesn’t go away.
•    You feel guilty for no real reason; you feel like you’re no good; you’ve lost your confidence.
•    Life seems to have no meaning. You feel like nothing good is ever going to happen again.
      You feel  pessimistic or it seems like you have no feeling at all.
•    You don’t feel like doing a lot of the things you used to enjoy like listening to music,
      playing sports, being with friends, going out and you want to be left alone most of the time.
•    It’s hard to make up your mind. You forget lots of things, and its hard to concentrate.
•    You get upset easily. Little things make you lose your temper; you overreact.
•    Your sleep pattern changes; you start sleeping a lot more, or you have trouble falling asleep
      at night. Or you wake up really early most mornings and can’t get back to sleep.
•    Your eating pattern changes; you lose your appetite, or you eat a lot more.
•    You feel restless and tired most of the time.
•    You may be starting to feel so badly that you start to wonder if life is worth living, you think
      about death, or may even have thoughts about committing suicide.

If you experience symptoms of depression for more than two weeks, it's wise to talk to your doctor or a mental-health professional even if you think the symptoms are caused by something else. Most importantly, don't be afraid to ask for help.